Grade: B (Good Scientific Evidence)
Therapy	Specific therapeutic Use(s)
Devil's claw	Low back pain
Willow bark	Lower back pain
Traditional or Theoretical Uses which Lack Sufficient Evidence
Therapy	Specific therapeutic Use(s)
Aconite	Chronic low back pain
Alizarin	Sciatica (leg pain)
Alkanna	Back pain
Arnica	Back pain
Astaxanthin	Back pain (chronic)
Bacopa	Back pain
Barberry	Back pain (mid and low)
Belladonna	Sciatica (back and leg pain)
Black cohosh	Back pain
Bromelain	Back pain
Bulbous buttercup	Sciatica
Burdock	Back pain
Chamomile	Back pain
Chaparral	Sciatica
Cinnamon	Sciatica (a condition in which pain shoots down an leg or arm as a result of a pinched nerve)
Dong quai	Back pain
Eucalyptus oil	Back pain
Fo-ti	Low back pain
Glucosamine	Back pain
Goldenseal	Sciatica
Guarana	Lower back pain
Holy basil	Lumbar pain
Horseradish	Lower back pain
Kudzu	Neck stiffness
Mastic	Sciatica
Nux vomica	Back pain
Rehmannia	Lumbar disc herniation (intervertebral disc protrusion)
Rutin	Neck pain (cervical syndrome)
Scotch broom	Sciatica
Stinging nettle	Sciatica (leg pain)
Thiamin	Low back pain