Alfalfa
Natural Standard evidence-based flashcard. Copyright © 2008 (www.naturalstandard.com). Commercial distribution prohibited. This flashcard is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions. 		Image
While some complementary and alternative techniques have been studied scientifically, high-quality data regarding safety, effectiveness, and mechanism of action are limited or controversial for most therapies. Whenever possible, it is recommended that practitioners be licensed by a recognized professional organization that adheres to clearly published standards. In addition, before starting a new technique or engaging a practitioner, it is recommended that patients speak with their primary healthcare provider(s). Potential benefits, risks (including financial costs), and alternatives should be carefully considered. The below monograph is designed to provide historical background and an overview of clinically-oriented research, and neither advocates for or against the use of a particular therapy.

Summary:
Alfalfa is a legume with a long history of dietary and medicinal use. Alfalfa supplements may lower blood levels of cholesterol and glucose; however, more research is needed. Use cautiously as there is a risk of lupus symptoms due to a certain chemical in alfalfa seeds and sprouts that is not found in the leaves.

Uses
These uses have been tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider.
Grade*
Atherosclerosis (cholesterol plaques in heart arteries) C
Diabetes C
High cholesterol C
*Key to grades: A: Strong scientific evidence for this use; B: Good scientific evidence for this use; C: Unclear scientific evidence for this use; D: Fair scientific evidence against this use (it may not work); F: Strong scientific evidence against this use (it likely does not work).

Safety:
Avoid alfalfa if allergic to alfalfa, clover, or grass. Avoid with a history of lupus. Avoid before any surgery/dental/diagnostic procedures that may have a risk of bleeding, and avoid use immediately after these procedures. Use cautiously with stroke, hormone conditions (breast tenderness, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, menstrual problems), diabetes, hypoglycemia, thyroid disease, gout, blood clots, seizures, liver disease, or kidney disease. Use cautiously with blood sugar-altering medications, aspirin or any aspirin products, ibuprofen, and blood-thinners (like warfarin). Use cautiously if operating heavy machinery or driving. Alfalfa may be contaminated with dangerous bacteria (like E. coli, Salmonella, Listeria). Avoid if pregnant or breastfeeding.

Possible side effects:
Abnormal blood cell counts (pancytopenia), abnormal immune system function, antinuclear antibodies in the blood, diarrhea, estrogen-like effects, fatigue, gas, gastrointestinal symptoms, gout flares, increased thyroid hormone levels, kidney abnormalities, larger/more frequent stools, lowered potassium levels (hypokalemia), muscle pains, reduced blood sugar levels, skin inflammation/redness, and stomach discomfort.

Possible interactions:
Alcohol, birth control pills, blood sugar-altering medications, blood thinners such as warfarin (Coumadin®), calcium, cholesterol-lowering medications such as atorvastatin (Lipitor®) or simvastatin (Zocor®), diabetes medications, disulfiram (Antabuse®), drugs that alter the immune system, drugs that contain estrogens, drugs that increase sun sensitivity such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine®), hormone replacement therapy, metronidazole (Flagyl®), potassium, thyroid drugs such as thyroxine (Synthroid®, Levoxyl®), vitamin K, and herbs and supplements with similar effects.

Dosing:

Adults (18 years and older):
Dried herb, tablets, liquid extract and seeds are available.

Children (younger than 18 years):
There is not enough scientific data to recommend alfalfa supplements for use in children, and it is not recommended due to potential side effects.
Natural Standard Monograph (www.naturalstandard.com)
Copyright © 2008 Natural Standard Inc. Commercial distribution or reproduction prohibited.
The information in this monograph is intended for informational purposes only, and is meant to help users better understand health concerns. Information is based on review of scientific research data, historical practice patterns, and clinical experience. This information should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Users should consult with a qualified healthcare provider for specific questions regarding therapies, diagnosis and/or health conditions, prior to making therapeutic decisions.