Apricot (Prunus armeniaca)
Natural Standard evidence-based flashcard. Copyright © 2008 (www.naturalstandard.com). Commercial distribution prohibited. This flashcard is intended for informational purposes only, and should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Patients should consult with a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about therapies and/or health conditions. 		Image
While some complementary and alternative techniques have been studied scientifically, high-quality data regarding safety, effectiveness, and mechanism of action are limited or controversial for most therapies. Whenever possible, it is recommended that practitioners be licensed by a recognized professional organization that adheres to clearly published standards. In addition, before starting a new technique or engaging a practitioner, it is recommended that patients speak with their primary healthcare provider(s). Potential benefits, risks (including financial costs), and alternatives should be carefully considered. The below monograph is designed to provide historical background and an overview of clinically-oriented research, and neither advocates for or against the use of a particular therapy.

Summary:
Apricot is a natural fruit that grows in the northern Himalayas. In manufacturing, apricot seed oil is used in cosmetics or as a vehicle for pharmaceutical preparations. The apricot pit contains amygdalin, a plant compound that contains sugar and produces cyanide. Laetrile™, an alternative cancer drug marketed in Mexico and other countries outside of the United States, is derived from amygdalin. Multiple cases of cyanide poisoning, including deaths, have been associated with Laetrile™ therapy.

Uses
These uses have been tested in humans or animals. Safety and effectiveness have not always been proven. Some of these conditions are potentially serious, and should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare provider.
Grade*
Cancer (various types) D
*Key to grades: A: Strong scientific evidence for this use; B: Good scientific evidence for this use; C: Unclear scientific evidence for this use; D: Fair scientific evidence against this use (it may not work); F: Strong scientific evidence against this use (it likely does not work).

Safety:
Avoid if allergic to apricot, its constituents or members of the Rosaceae family, especially the Prunoideae subfamily of plants. Avoid eating excessive amounts of apricot kernels (about 7 grams daily, or more than ten kernels daily). Avoid using Laetrile™, as multiple cases of cyanide poisonings, some of which were fatal, have been associated with its use. Use cautiously with diabetes. Use cautiously when taking supplements containing beta-carotene, iron, niacin, potassium, thiamine or vitamin C. Use cautiously when taking products that may lower blood pressure. Avoid if pregnant or breastfeeding.

Possible side effects:
Abdominal pain, abnormal blood cell counts, almond odor, blindness, chronic poisoning, CNS (central nervous system) and respiratory depression, coma, convulsions, cretinism (stunted physical and mental growth in infants and children due to a lack of thyroid hormone), cyanide poisoning, death, diarrhea, difficulty breathing, dilated pupils, dizziness, drowsiness, eyelid drooping, goiter (enlarged thyroid), headache, heart palpitations, hives, hypothermia, lethargy, mental retardation, muscle spasms, muscle weakness, nausea and vomiting, nerve damage, optic nerve lesions, paralysis, seizures, shortness of breath, small bowel obstruction, thyroid cancer, and weakness.

Possible interactions:
Beta-carotene, blood pressure-lowering medications, iron, Laetrile™, niacin, potassium, thiamine, Vitamin C, and other herbs and supplements with similar effects.

Dosing:

Adults (18 years and older):
3-9 grams of apricot seed has been taken by mouth daily in divided doses.

Children (younger than 18 years):
Not enough scientific evidence to recommend.
Natural Standard Monograph (www.naturalstandard.com)
Copyright © 2008 Natural Standard Inc. Commercial distribution or reproduction prohibited.
The information in this monograph is intended for informational purposes only, and is meant to help users better understand health concerns. Information is based on review of scientific research data, historical practice patterns, and clinical experience. This information should not be interpreted as specific medical advice. Users should consult with a qualified healthcare provider for specific questions regarding therapies, diagnosis and/or health conditions, prior to making therapeutic decisions.